Comparison of Plant-Based and Animal-Based Nutrient Sources

Plant Sources Nutrients Animal Sources
Low-quality Protein Beef, lamb, fish, shellfish
Fermented vegetables Vitamin K2 Cheese, butter, egg yolk, liver
Dark leafy greens Vitamin K1
Beta-carotene (less effective form) Vitamin A Liver, fish, cod liver oil, egg yolk
Non-heme Iron Liver, red meat
Grains, sunflower seeds (⚠️ phytic acid), ✅ Nutritional yeast B Vitamins Meat, fish, eggs, cheese, liver
Collagen Skin, liver, ribs, bone broth
Mushrooms (D2 form less effective than D3) Vitamin D3 Fatty fish, cod liver, sardines
Seaweed (sea salt) Iodine Shellfish, cod, dairy, eggs
Brazil nuts Selenium Shellfish, organ meats, red meat
Pumpkin seeds Zinc Oysters, beef, organ meats
Algae / ALA Omega-3 Fatty fish
Chocolate, greens, pumpkin seeds Magnesium Fish, dairy (small amount)
Greens, avocado Potassium Fish, red meat (small amount)
Greens, sunflower seeds Vitamin E Fish, dairy, eggs
All plants Phytonutrients Grass-fed meat
Greens, sauerkraut, berries Vitamin C Organ meats (↓ when cooked)